SOCI 2110H Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Renaissance Humanism, Scientific Revolution, Montesquieu
4 Feb 2018
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Soci2110 week 3: the foundations of sociological theory and the spirit of enlightenment. The age of reason : public use of reason", flourishing public sphere of cafes, salons, scientific societies, key ideas, reason, empiricism, science, universalism, progress, individualism, tolerance, freedom, secularization (and anti-clericalism, democratization. [dare to know] have courage to use your own understanding! that is the motto of enlightenment. Facts versus feelings: john oliver: republican vs fact, https://www. youtube. com/watch?v=sto19uzqayg. Critiques of enlightenment: conservative, defense of tradition and religion, romanticism, importance of the non-rational. Sociological positivism: statements or claims about the social world should be subject to some sort of empirical test, modelled on scientific inquiry, developed by auguste comte. Sociological positivism: august comte (france, 1798-1857, from social philosophy to social science. Three stages of knowledge: theological, metaphysical, positive. Development of positive sciences: astronomy, physics, chemistry, biology, sociology. Compt: society as a separately organized level of existence, social statics, social dynamics.
