BIOL 1010 Lecture Notes - Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Nutrient, Microfilament
Document Summary
The roles of cell division: unicellular organisms reproduction, complex multicellular organisms reproduction growth renewal and repair. Cell division requires some preparation copies genome (all of an organism"s genetic material - dna) and distributes identical genetic material to daughter cells. Initiates replication of the chromosomal dna at the origin of replication on the chromosome. As chromosome is replicated, each origin moves towards opposite ends of the cell. Copies of the chromosomes move apart as cell grows. Membrane pinches inward when cell reaches approximately twice initial size. Cell wall forms between the two daughter cells. Plasmids are also replicated and partitioned between daughter cells. It"s a numbers game for multicopy plasmids - random partitioning between two cells lower copy number plasmids often have replication tied to cell division. Eukaryotes genome size is much larger than prokaryotes. Fruit fly - 8 chromosomes in somatic cells and 4 in gametes. Composed of chromatin - long linear dna molecules associated with specific proteins.
