ANTHR101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Population Genetics, Speciation, Cladogenesis

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANTHR101
• Professor: Francois Larose

Document Summary

Normalizing selection: harmful genes (from mutation) removed. Balancing selection: hetero allele-combo = favoured; balance of 2 diff alleles. Dominant: allele of gene pair always phenotypically expressed in hetero-form. Recessive: allele phenotypically suppressed in hetero-form; expressed only in homo-form. Hybridization: viable offspring created from 2 diff species mating. Bergmann"s rule: body build & weight vary in pop"s (small = hot-enviro; big = colder-enviro) Allen"s rule: size of protruding body parts" vary in pop"s (shorter arms/legs = cold-enviro) Gloger"s rule: skin colour variations in pop"s ( melanin = warm/humid-enviro) Microevolution: change in allele freq from gen to gen; over short time-period. Macroevolution: microevolution prod"s more obvious changes in species; over long time-period. Mutation: only new source of alleles in species. Sexual reproduction: recombines/reshuffles parents" dna = new allele-combo"s formed: reshuffles already-present allele combo"s; solely by chance. Random mating: every allele chance of being passed on to next gen.