ART H213 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Ignacio Zuloaga, Indigenous Peoples Of Mexico, Indigenism

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March 25, 2015
LECTURE 17
Saturnino Herrán - wasnt from the region in which he painted but interested in the indigenous
community, women had a great deal of power and influence. Indigenista - creole family, well
educated, studied
La tehuana (Woman from Tehuantepec) 1914 Mexico
women wore really flamboyant dresses, not actually a women from Tehuantepec, a
women from North central mexico, Herran’s wife.
primitivism - internal, one sector of Mexican society looking at another sector of mexican
society
The Legend of the Volcanoes 1910, mexico.
oil, takes prehispanic legend and uses as subject matter. issues of race, etc.
two volcanoes outside of mexico city - one is known as Smoking Mountain and the other
The White Woman, two young poeple, a man and woman, man dark and the women was light
skinned, fell in love, but her father disapproved of the relationship, sent him off to war, told
daughter that he died in war, she laid down and died, boy comes back, now grief stricken, takes
her into the wilderness and lays her down, cries so much that his tears become snow on her,
and then become the white mountain. gods take pity on him and make him into the
neighbouring mountain.
the male and the female on the left, centre is ambiguous, right is the mourning male
figure. like a retablo,
centre - confusing, not certain if it is the prince losing his bride as she turns into a
mountain, or the father as if covered in snow or an old man. unusual to have a monumental
male nude as an old man rather than a young 20 year old some. changing going on in terms of
the narrative. almost as if the father is literally turning her into a mountain, preventing their
marriage.
in terms of gender and race, the male figure is dark and the female figure is light. typical.
Our Gods, mural project, 1914-1918 Mexico -
ideal of bringing indigenous and creole culture together.
left - indigenous mexicans bringing offerings, dressed traditionally
right - spanish priests, carrying the virgin mary in procession
come together in an image in the centre - Coatlcue and christ on the crossed superimposed into
each other; spanish and indigenous, male and female. ferocious female and soft male. fuse it
with the Spanish and create something new.
the Christ comes from a Spanish painting - Ignacio Zuloaga, El Cristo de la Sangre, 1911,
Spain.
José Sabogal The Indian Mayor (Varayoc) of Chincheros 1925 Peru
link the imagery to contemporary activism on behalf of the observed
Artists and theorists were primarily Creole and exorcizing the indigenous
Chincheros small town in the andes
wearing tunic like textile, traditional, pants which a prehispanic indian would not wear
hat - important to locate people where they are from
staff - ancient andean sign of his position and status, links him to the earth/land
terrace hills typical of the region,
staff links him to the ground, in front of his landscape but also seems to be disconnected from
them, the way space is used, early 20th century style of color and lines, etc. some 3D volume.
reads like a cutout, seems dispossessed of the land and then reinserted.
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Document Summary

Saturnino herr n - wasnt from the region in which he painted but interested in the indigenous community, women had a great deal of power and in uence. The legend of the volcanoes 1910, mexico. oil, takes prehispanic legend and uses as subject matter. issues of race, etc. two volcanoes outside of mexico city - one is known as smoking mountain and the other. Jos sabogal the indian mayor (varayoc) of chincheros 1925 peru link the imagery to contemporary activism on behalf of the observed. Artists and theorists were primarily creole and exorcizing the indigenous. Luis monero 19c academic, much earlier indigenous history, painting people who were living 300 years earlier. 19c beginning to show an interest for comtemporary, but mostly an interest in the historical indigenous rather than in the 20c were showing interest in the indigenous of that time. Jos mari tegui socialist ideas and activism, founded peruvian socialists party founded magazine.

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