BIOL108 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Parthenogenesis, Blastula, Ecdysozoa

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Biology (Biological Sciences)
• Course: BIOL108
• Professor: Richard Moses

Document Summary

Any change in genes can have disadvantageous characteristics. (deleterious) Greater complexity: 1st duplication associated with evolution of skulls and vertebrae, 2nd duplication associated with evolution of jaws and appendages, https://www. youtube. com/watch?v=lfg-alidt8s. Kingdom animalia characteristics: animate: alive, moving, multicellular ingestive chemoheterotrophs. Inflammatory responses, and highly specific antibodies (characteristics of all jawed vertebrates) All animals have response when foreign body detected: no cell walls: have structural proteins that keeps rigidity eg collagen, 90% of all animal protein in the world is collagen, complex intercellular connections. Tight junctions, desmosomes, gap function- coordination of multicellularity. Most species with: never and muscle tissue: nervous tissue gives environmental information, triggers the movement of muscles, sexual diplontic life cycle with oogamy: some asexual budding, fragmentation and parthenogenesis. Larval stages: zygote undergoes cleavage to produce blastula stage: zygote to eight-cell stage to blastula. Cleavage: series of mitotic division, highest form of mitosis, slow in mammals. Blastula is the same size as the zygote.