EAS206 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Impact Crater, Chondrite, Meteoroid

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Meteorites
Meteoroid
o Slows and fragments
Friction
Heats outside, light
Meteor
o Fireball
Caused by a larger object
o Falls and finds
Ceplecha et al.
Ablation = outside heating up to become bright
o Melting outside the rock
Happens over a duration of a few seconds (the entire process)
After fireball, dark rocks dropping to the ground (takes a while in
minutes [18km] to fall)
Meteorites and Impact Crater
o Will it make a crater?
How strong the rock is?
Pluge pit
Where do meteorites come from?
o Asteroid Belt
About ~50 000 known meteorites - most of them from the Belt
Meteorite Types
o Chondrite
Fast cooling (shapes of crystals of olivine, pyroxene)
What do they tell us?
o Type 3: ordinary chondrites, lot less matrix, lots of chondrules (mostly round),
iron-nickel grains
o Type 4: some have undergone metamorphism (recrystallize smallest crystals,
between the chondrules)
o Type 3 6 = recrystallize the crystals and give them enough energy so the
smaller crystals become larger crystals
Start to lose the dark look of the matrix
Start to lose the definition of the chondrules
Small crystals have become larger and so can see the light
o Heat based metamorphism on these asteroids
Capture heat in the inside and the heat on the outside is rapidly lost
Inside traps and causes recrystallization
Then it breaks up so it can get Type 4 and 5 from the inside
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