ECON366 Lecture 24: Energy Poverty and The Energy Ladder in Developing Countries
Document Summary
Econ 366 - lecture 24 - energy poverty and the energy ladder in developing. Transition from traditional to modern energy sources , firewood to natural gas. Traditional is inconvenient to collect and store and require constant management in use, and emit a large amount of smoke. Basic use + refrigeration, transport and water pump (oil, diesel) Basic + energy services + ict, cooling, electronic appliances (electricity) Household income: positively related to energy use. Urbanization: firewood and traditional fuel more scarce. Smoke emissions and exposures: traditional use emits noxious fumes; air pollution problems; greater awareness and income will increase demand for clean air and better health. Appliance costs: costs for traditional fuels near zero. Fuel availability: traditional sources are determined b many factors: as forest cover, land-use system, policymakers support planting trees to ensure cooking fuel. Basic human needs: electricity for lighting, education and health, communication services, as well as modern fuel for heating and cooking.