NEURO410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Neurofibrillary Tangle, Senile Plaques, Psen1
12 Oct 2016
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Ad prevalent cause of dementia in elderly, characterized by gradual loss of memory followed by deterioration of higher cog fxns. A subset of ad = assoc with gene muts whereas others are sporadic. Lead to development of disease before age 65. Polymorphisms of apolipoprotein e4 increases risk of developing ad. Age = most important risk factor, apart from the genetic defects. See gross brain atrophy, presence of neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques. Features assic with ad are also observed in normal aged human brain but to lesser extent. Ic lesions made of hyperphosphorylated tau a microtubule assoc protein. Present in cortex, amygdala, hippocampus and subcortical nuclei. Tangles first appear in transentorhinal cortex and then spread to hippocampus and cortex. No tau mut in ad pathology but mut of gene can cause ftdp: beta-amyloid precursor protein gene chr 21, presenilin 1 gene chr 14, presenilin 2 gene chr 1. However, if take amount of insoluble and soluble see correlation with dementia.
