NUTR100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Lactiferous Duct, Breastfeeding, Prolactin
15 Jun 2018
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Chapter 14 Part 2 Lactation
- Lactation: synthesis of milk components, including protein, lactose, and lipids, and the
movement of the milk through the milk ducts to the nipple
- Colostrum is immature milk, secreted during the first days after delivery. Rich is protein
and immune factors
- Release of milk from the glands through the ducts is referred to as let-down
o Triggered by oxytocin
- How it is controlled
o Suckling stimulates the hypothalamus
o Stimulate anterior and posterior to release prolactin and oxytocin
o Prolactin stimulates milk production, the more suckling the more milk
production
o Oxytocin causes let down
- Breastfeeding: 600-900ml produced daily
o 700-800 kcal /day
▪ maternal fat stores contribute some of the required energy to make the
milk
o lactating women should consume 300-500 kcal /day above their pre-pregnancy
intake
▪ most breastfeeding women maintain an abundant milk supply when
consuming 1800-2200kcal/day
o allows gradual weight loss
▪ .5-2 kg per month
o 25g of protein and 80g of carbs required per day above pre-pregnancy needs
o fluid and many micronutrient needs are increased
o meals and snacks need to be healthy, convenient, tasty, nutrient dense
- nutrient needs are greater in lactation than pregnancy
- Human milk contains about 160 Calories per cup
- The EER for lactations is estimated by adding the TEE of non-lactating women and the
energy in the milk then subtracting the energy supplied by maternal fat sources
- Lactating women require approximately an additional liter of fluid a day
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