PEDS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel, Chemical Synapse, Axon Hillock

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Physical Education and Sport
• Course: PEDS101
• Professor: Michael Scarlett

Document Summary

Dendrites receive incoming signals; axons carry outgoing information. Axon hillock where axon attaches to cell body. Synapse connection between two neurons consists of presynaptic axon terminal, synaptic cleft, and postsynaptic dendrite. Signal received by dendrite, integrated by membrane of cell body (decided by if threshold potential is hit), and output through axon. Afferent neuron = sensory neuron, efferent neuron = motor neurons. Slow axonal transport: moves material by axoplasmic flow at 0. 2-2. 5mm/day (enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins) Fast axonal transport: moves organelles at rates of up to 400mm/day, forward or backwards (anterograde or retrograde) forward to axon or backwards. Molecules moved fro(cid:373) (cid:272)ell (cid:271)od(cid:455) to a(cid:454)o(cid:374) through fast a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e tra(cid:374)sport o(cid:374) a (cid:862)tread(cid:373)ill(cid:863) of microtubules. Astrocytes provide substrates for atp production, help form blood brain barrier, secrete neurotrophic factors, take up k+, water, neurotransmitters to maintain homeostasis, source of neural stem cells. Ependymal cells source of neural stem cells and create barriers between compartments: peripheral nervous system.