PSYCO282 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Clicker Training, Token Economy, Reinforcement
Document Summary
Unconditioned (primary) reinforcers: stimulus or event that has natural reinforcing e ects. Not due to prior conditioning or learning, and it may enhance survival). Conditioned (secondary) reinforcer: previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with an unconditioned reinforcer. In a token economy, tokens can be exchanged for backup reinforcers. Animal clicker training: animals are reinforced with food which is paired with a click sound. A marker is something that you can use to tell an animal at a certain point that they will receive an award or that their behaviour is favourable. It can be used on people as well as animals, for numerous behaviours. Behavioural chains: positive reinforcement given via conditioned reinforcer. Reward value: quantity and quality of the reinforcer, and its value to the individual. Motivating operations: events that can temporarily alter the e ectiveness of reinforcement, and this a ect behaviour, also called setting events. Ex: someone that just ate wouldn"t want food.