SOC271 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Peace Corps, Food Preservation, Demographic Transition
8 Jun 2018
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FAMILY DEMOGRAPHY
Components of Population Change.
1. Fertility: the crucial influencing factor, in terms of growth; and most influential in terms of
the nation's age structure
low > Depression lows = 20-21
high > Post-World War Two years = 28-29
lower> 1986 = 14.2
lowest > the ieties’ = -14
lower 1986 = 14.2
1991 = 14.3
1996 = 12.2
1997 = 12.1
1998 = 11.3
1999 = 11.1
2000 = 10.8
2001 = 10.8
2006 = 10.7
2007 = 11.0
2008 = 11.3
2009 = 11.4
2010 = 11.3
2011 = 11.3
2. Mortality:
- male/female mortality differential decreasing
female occupational risk
expectancy of life at birth
Canada (2009-2011)
males = 79.4
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females = 83.6
widowhood is a fact of life - more healthy years
3. Migration: historically significant
presently controlled - stricter immigration ceilings
manpower crutch - responsive to provincial needs
Family Size Trends:
1. 1800 - average family size = 5.7 (est.)
2. 1900 - average family size = 4.6 (est.)
3. 1971 - average family size = 3.7
4. 1981 - average family size = 3.3
5. 1991 - average family size = 3.1
6. 2001 - average family size = 3.0
7. 2006 - average family size = 3.0
8. 2011 – average family size = 3.0
INCREASE IN NON-FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS.
1. +428% between 1961 and 2001.
an increase from 605,801 to 3.2 million.
While family households increased by +115%.
2. Households in Canada are classified as either family or non-family households
(unrelated individuals or persons living by themselves).
3. Reasons for increase in non-family households:
- changes in living arrangements/lifestyles.
- more options available and more tolerance.
- increase in widowhood(independent/healthy).
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- increase in divorces and separations.
- more people opting for singlehood.
4. In 1961, there were:
3.9 million family households 86.7 %
0.6 million non-family households 13.3 %
In 2001, there were:
8.3 million family households 72.4 %
3.2 million non-family households 27.6 %
The Demographic Transition and Transformation to the Smaller Family
This framework allows one to view the various societies of the world in their different growth
stages. Essentially, the framework portrays the transition of a society from the period of high
birth and death rates to the period of low birth and death rates.
1. Three basic stages of development:
a. Stage 1 period of high potential growth with high birth rates and high, but fluctuating
death rates.
b. Stage 2 period of transition, in which the death rates decline before the birth rates begin
to fall; the birth rates lag in their decline.
c. Stage 3 period of controlled growth with low death rates and low, but fluctuating birth
rates.
2. Determinants of population growth by stage:
a. Stage 1 - mortality
b. Stage 2 - falling mortality
c. Stage 3 - fertility
3. Explanations:
1. High fertility in Stage 1 dictated by marriage norms and social customs - fertility
strategies
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Document Summary
Family demography low > depression lows = 20-21 high > post-world war two years = 28-29 lower> 1986 = 14. 2. Components of population change: fertility: the crucial influencing factor, in terms of growth; and most influential in terms of the nation"s age structure lowest > the (cid:374)i(cid:374)eties" = (cid:1005)(cid:1005)-14. Male/female mortality differential decreasing female occupational risk expectancy of life at birth. Canada (2009-2011) males = 79. 4 lower 1986 = 14. 2. 2011 = 11. 3 widowhood is a fact of life - more healthy years. Migration: historically significant presently controlled - stricter immigration ceilings manpower crutch - responsive to provincial needs. Family size trends: females = 83. 6: 1900 - average family size , 1981 - average family size , 1971 - average family size , 1800 - average family size , 1991 - average family size = Increase in non-family households. (unrelated individuals or persons: 2001 - average family size , 2006 - average family size , 2011 average family size =
