STAT151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Frequentist Probability, Frequency Distribution, Probability Plot

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STAT151 Full Course Notes
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Z-score - number of sds a data point is from the mean: x = (y - (cid:895) / , z-score = (data point - pop. mean) / pop. Sd: useful for (cid:272)o(cid:373)pari(cid:374)g grades (cid:894)sa(cid:373)e grade i(cid:374) t(cid:449)o (cid:272)lasses (cid:271)etter relati(cid:448)e sta(cid:374)di(cid:374)g i(cid:374) the class with the lower mean) Z-distribution: same shape as original data, center - mean is 0, spread - sd is 1. Standardized normal variable: same as z-distribution, creates a normal curve. Standard normal table: http://math. arizona. edu/~rsims/ma464/standardnormaltable. pdf, represents percent of data found to the left of specific z-scores. Standardizing variables using z-scores: shape - no change, measures of center - each point subtracts the mean, so mean becomes 0, spread - each point (y) is divided by sd (lower case sigma), sd becomes 1, non-linear transformations. Inferential test: objective, empirical rule, find z-scores and percentages and compare those with the empirical rule.

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