ARKY 327 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Homo Floresiensis, Ancient Dna, Contingency Table
19 Jun 2018
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01/18/2018
500 years blocks for time period question on map quiz.
Hint- use contingency table as a way of clarifying relationships- individuals buried w weapons
had only 1 fibula, individuals s weapons had two or more fibula- association between costume
and presence or absence of weapons. Try to identify social identity- gender, social status,
religion, etc. Tuesday+Thursday after map quiz. Questions from this problem will be on first
midterm.
Ancient DNA studies
Two mummies found early 1900s- had the same mother and different fathers, the sarcophagi
were similar but also had some differences. The research on their relation was discovered using
aDNA.
aDNA can be recovered from bone and teeth. Contamination makes recovery from other
sources difficult
Two major types of DNA: 1. nuclear DNA- more information
2. mitochondrial DNA- relates to maternal inheritance. Much easier source to get at, less
expensive, less prone to contamination.
First aDNA study 1984 by Russ Higuchi- recovered DNA from museum collection of extinct
horse bone, compared to modern horse species.
Refinement of technique- polymerase chain reaction.
Limitation archaeologically: decay of the sequences of genetic material. Time and weathering
can limit the recovery (temp, water presence, time, fragmentation). New techniques will allow
better recovery of aDNA.
Antediluvian DNA studies- contaminated with human chromosomes. Hypothetically you could
recreate aDNA of dinosaurs. Contamination can be by bacteria and fungi as well as by the
excavators and lab workers.
DNA half life- 521 years- after 1.5 million years the remaining strands would be too short to
provide any meaningful information.
Next generation sequencing allows for smaller samples to be used.
Analyses of seq data: Population genetics(migration), Bioinformatics, Genomics
‘Ice Man’ found in the alps, mummified in the ice. Scientists were able to do DNA analyses of
the individual’s DNA as well as the DNA of his stomach contents.
Kwaday Dan Ts’inchi- found in northern BC, DNA tied to local groups.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
500 years blocks for time period question on map quiz. Hint- use contingency table as a way of clarifying relationships- individuals buried w weapons had only 1 fibula, individuals s weapons had two or more fibula- association between costume and presence or absence of weapons. Try to identify social identity- gender, social status, religion, etc. Questions from this problem will be on first midterm. Two mummies found early 1900s- had the same mother and different fathers, the sarcophagi were similar but also had some differences. The research on their relation was discovered using adna. adna can be recovered from bone and teeth. Two major types of dna: 1. nuclear dna- more information: mitochondrial dna- relates to maternal inheritance. Much easier source to get at, less expensive, less prone to contamination. First adna study 1984 by russ higuchi- recovered dna from museum collection of extinct horse bone, compared to modern horse species. Limitation archaeologically: decay of the sequences of genetic material.
