ARKY 357 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Digging Stick, Pastoralism

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o Can look at marks on the bones, pot-polish
Meat and bone into a pot and boiled
Calcium showed that the bones were boiled due to their certain fractures
o Great pyramid of Cholula, had mass burials that had evidence of cut marks, decapitated
the head in polychrome bowl, did not want to claim cannibalism instead the it was
rituals
Conclusion
o Cannibalism in the eye of the beholder
o Or the seasoned taste
Cuzco had relatively small population with the most distributed across the hinterland
Cuzco is often called an empty ceremonial center and many commoners lived there
Farming and pastoralism were major components of Inca economy
Also had specialized artisans
Paid taxes to state in form of labor exchange for security and leadership
There was curvy labor that was used to maintain the state
o It was organized by the head of the household
o There was means to know how many households were in a given district
Even though it was based on the male household it can be distributed labor
o Amongst the entire household
o This was on top of agriculture and pastoralism
o It was also distributed throughout the year
State census used to administer labor demands
o Typically, two months per year per household
Tribute
State administers, and other employees had reduced tax demands but instead lived off of a
tribute from the commoners
State and Sun farms produced food, chicha, textiles and other goods for the employees
State farm at cochabamps used 14,000 laborers to produce maize for Inca armies
Rain storage at Cotapachi with 2400 storehouses
Grain storage facilities
o Well constructed using tribute labor, to maintain the large amounts of the storage
Different communities sending tributes to the Aztec and this was not through commodities like
gold
Sun farms
o Used for coca productions as offering to gods
o Many medicinal used for coca
o Brought to the inca by sun god Inti
o Or by Manco Capac and Mama Okello founders of Inca Empire
Agricultural cycles
o Farming considered a metaphor for warfare in which the earth was disemboweled
before platin
o Beginning of planting season begun by highest noble present using a golden digging stick
and with nobel women planting seeds
o Prayers and sacrifices to insurer adequate water and good condition
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