BIOL 243 Lecture : Evolution, Natural Selection

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lilaccaribou939

21 Feb 2012

School

University of Calgary

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 243

Professor

Heather Addy

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Document Summary

Cell (smallest unit with the capacity to live and reproduce) Population (group of individuals of the same species that occupy the same area) Community (populations of all species that occupy the same area) Ecosystem (group of communities interacting with their shared environment) Biosphere (all regions of earth s crust, waters and atmospheres that sustain life. Requires a selective force, genetic variation within a population, and the capacity of individuals with the selected trait to survive and reproduce. Over time, the incidence of the traits will change in the population. Cuvier: discovered that species have gone extinct, proposed due to sudden destructive events. Lyell: proposed that geological events occurred slowly and that the earth was older than 6000 years. Lamarck: thought that acquired traits could be inherited. Malthus: populations increase faster than food supply; survival of the fittest. Wallace: came up with the theory of natural selection independently of darwin.

Related Questions

Which of the following best describes a species?

◯ A. A group of organisms that interbreed and have common characteristics

◯ B. An interacting group of populations that occupy the same area

◯ C. A group of organisms that interact with nonliving parts of the environment

◯ D. All of the individuals of the same population that inhabit an area

ceruleandolphin765

Describe the theory of natural selection Which of thefollowing BEST describes the theory of natural selection? CHOOSEONE

	1 The genetic make-up of apopulation gradually changes from one generation to the next.
	2 Living organisms change overtime.
	3 Each species produces many moreoffspring than can survive long enough to reproduce. The offspringthat do survive contain genes that are inherited from theparents.
	4 There is variation among themembers of a species. Some of this variation is geneticallydetermined and so can be passed on to future generations.
	5 Some individuals have genes thatincrease their chances for survival and reproduction. Theseindividuals are more likely to reproduce and pass on their genes,causing their genes to become more common in the nextgeneration.
	6 There is a struggle for existenceamong the members of a population.

amberleopard326

Which statement about evolution by natural selection isfalse?

Natural selection allows organisms with higher fitness toreproduce more successfully.

Natural selection favors those traits that confer higherfitness in the environment.

Natural selection is a random change in characteristics of apopulation over generations.

Evolution by natural selection affects populations oforganisms, not individual organisms.

An organism's fitness depends on its _____.

ability to survive and reproduce

ability to swap genetic material with other organisms

physical size

ability to mutate

population

Consider the heavily armored stickleback fish population thatcolonized the lake. If all the individuals in that population weregenetically identical, what do you predict would happen when theycolonized the freshwater lake?

The population would increase, as it has increased foodresources.

The population would evolve through natural selection to bebetter adapted to its environment.

The population would decrease due to more juvenile fish beingeaten.

No answer text provided.

Which of the following are adaptations?

Thicker beaks on finches that allows them to eat large seeds,when large seeds are the most abundant.

Less armor on stickleback fish in freshwater that allows themto grow faster to avoid predation.

More armor on stickleback fish in the ocean that prevents themfrom being eaten by larger predators.

None of the above.

All of the above.