BIOL 243 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Point Mutation, Reading Frame, Chromosome
17 May 2016
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Document Summary
Mutations can be small (point mutation, or a frame shift which affects one gene), or large, effecting entire areas of chromosomes. A mutation affected phenotype is not necessarily bad - but evolution determines which mutations live on. Mutations are non-inheritable if they occurs in somatic cells, however if they occurs in germ cells, then offspring will inherit the mutation. Somatic mutations occur in all cell types except gametes. They occur in progenitor cells (cells that replicate into its own type, not stem cells), where mutations will be expressed in daughter cells. They are more likely to occur in repetitive dna sequences (imagine you"re reading an entire page of ands. If you look away briefly, you"re probably lose your place and slip). Mutations that occur during an organism"s lifetime does not flow back into the dna of its germline (central dogma?). But a single mutation will have detrimental effects when the cell replicates with time.
