ENCH 429 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Boeing Kc-135 Stratotanker, Block Diagram, Necessity And Sufficiency

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lavenderdinosaur44

25 Apr 2016

School

University of Calgary

Department

Chemical Engineering

Course

ENCH 429

Professor

Milana Trifkovic

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Document Summary

Assume t m = 0, t v = 0, and k1 = 1, a) Using the standard current range of 4-20 ma, 2 (cid:247) (cid:246) (cid:231) (cid:230) (cid:247) (cid:246) (cid:231) (cid:230) C. e. (t s +1)(s +1) + k k = t s2 + (t +1)s +1+ k k c c p. = t (t s +1)(s +1) + k k(t s +1) c. 3 t t t t t t t t t t t t t. Note that rhs is negative for all positive and t. In other words, this condition is less restrictive than kckp >0 and doesn"t apply. In other words, there would be an upper limit on kckp so the controller gain is bounded on both sides. Note that, in either case, the addition of the integral mode decreases the range of stable values of kc. 4 t t t t t t t t t t t t t t t.

Related Questions

1) Discovery of a new drug involves screening large chemical libraries to identify active com- pounds. These libraries are usually quite large, with thousands or perhaps millions of com- pounds, and the proportion p of active compounds is often quite small. We will assume the probability that each individual compound is active is p and that each compound is indepen- dent.

(a) Discuss how the Bernoulli trial assumptions apply here; talk about individual drug com- pounds (not generic âtrialsâ). Also, identify a practical situation where the Bernoulli trial assumptions would not hold in this context.

For the remainder of this problem, we will assume that the Bernoulli trial assumptions hold. From a discovery point of view, the obvious question is,

âHow should we search an entire library of compounds to find those compounds that are active?â

Suppose that there are N = mk compounds in a chemical library and that we would like to determine the active/nonactive status of each compound. Consider the following two ways to do this:

(i) Each compound can be tested separately. This will require N tests.â¨(ii) Form m pools of k compounds by assigning each compound to exactly one pool. Test

the pools. If a pool tests negative, all k compounds in it are negative (and only 1 test is needed). If a pool tests positive, each of the k compounds will subsequently be tested separately (therefore, k + 1 tests will be required for the k compounds).

Important: We will assume that the test that classifies compounds and compound pools is perfect; there are no mistakes in classification.

(b) What is the probability that a single pool of k compounds will test positive?

â¨(c) Let Y denote the number of tests needed to screen the entire library under (ii). Find an expression for E(Y ), the expected number of tests. Your answer here should depend on m, k, and p.

â¨(d) In terms of minimizing the expected number of tests to be performed on the N compounds, which plan, (i) or (ii), would be preferred if p is close to 0? Justify your answer using the expression derived in part (c).â¨

(e) For concreteness (only for this part), suppose that N = 100000, and consider the following choices of (m, k) under plan (ii):

m = 20000, k = 5 m = 10000, k = 10 m = 5000, k = 20 m = 2000, k = 50

For each choice, graph E(Y ) as a function of p over the range 0 < p < 0.20. Try to identify regions of p where each (m,k) combination above would be preferred; i.e., where E(Y) is smallest.

.â¨(f) We made an assumption that there are no mistakes in classification (i.e., positive pools test positively; negative pools test negatively). Provide two realistic scenarios where such an assumption may be violated.

Part 1 Boyle’s Law P1 V1 = P2 V2 when Temperature is constant; being 1 “initial” and 2 “final” A container of oxygen gas has a volume of 150 mL when its pressure is 0.947 atm. If the temperature remains constant. What will the volume of the gas be at a pressure of 0.987 atm? Using Boyle’s Law solve for V2 of final volume using P1 V1 = P2 V2 Match the correspondent given data, unknown data and resulted in data after solved

___1. Initial Volume or V1

___2. Final Pressure or P2

___3. Initial pressure or P1

___4. Final V2

___5 Temperature

A. does not change, remains constant

B. 144 mL of oxygen

C. 0.947 atm

D. 150 mL of oxygen

E. 130 mL of oxygen

F. 0.987 atm

Part 2 Charles’s Law V1/T1=V2/T2 when the Pressure is constant; being 1 “initial” and 2 “final A container with hydrogen gas has a volume of 349 mL, at a temperature of 22.0C (Change to K), What volume will the gas occupy at 50C(Change to K), if the pressure remains constant?

____6. Final Volume of gas

____7 Initial Temperature gas

____8. Final Temperature gas

____9. Initial Volume gas

____10. The pressure of hydrogen

G. It’s constant

H. 295 K

I. 349 mL

J. 382 mL

K. 323 K

L. 50 C

Part 3 Gay-Lussac Law P1/T1=P2 when the volume (V) is constant A cylinder of a gas has a pressure of 4.40 atm at 25C (Change to K). At what temperature in Celsius will it reach a pressure of 6.50 atm C= K-273

____11. Final Pressure of gas (P1)

____12. The initial temperature in K (T1)

____13. The initial Pressure of gas (P2)

____14. The volume of the gas

_____15. The final temperature of the gas

M. 6.50 atm

N. 298 K

O. 4.40 atm

P. 167 C

Q . 283 K

R. is constant

Part 4 Combined Gas Law P1 V1/ T1 = P2 V2/ T2 OR MORE EASY TO SOLVE P1 V1 T2= P2 V2 T1 A St. Valentine Helium-filled balloon for your love, has a volume of 50.0 mL at 25 C (change to K) and 1.08 atm. What volume(V2) will it have at 0.855 atm and 10.0C (change to K). K=C + 273

_____16. The Final Temperature in K (T1)

_____17. The initial Volume in mL (V1)

_____18. The final Pressure in atm (P2)

_____19. The initial temperature in C (T1)

_____20. The final volume (V2)

S. 298k

T. 50.0 mL

U. 0.855 atm

V. 25 C

W. 283 K

X. 60.00 mL

Part 5 Answer with the letter in the blank. A. Boyles’s Law B. Charles’s Law C. Gay-Lussac’s Law D. Combined Gas Law E. Avogadro’s Law

___21. One mol of any gas at Standard Temperature and Pressure contains 6.03 X10^23 molecules and occupy a volume of 22.4L

____22. The higher the pressure the lower the volume when the temperature is constant.

____23. The higher the temperature the higher the volume when the pressure is constant.

____24 The higher the temperature the higher is the pressure when the volume is constant.

____25. There is a relation between pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount (moles)of gas

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ENCH 429 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Boeing Kc-135 Stratotanker, Block Diagram, Necessity And Sufficiency

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