GLGY 307 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Permafrost, Vertebrate Paleontology, Permineralization
12 Oct 2017
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Lecture 2: fossils: fossils are remains of older life forms, vestiges of once living organisms, fossilization: the process through which a living organism is transformed into a fossil, fossils & subfossils; threshold at 11,700 years. Hard & soft parts: hard parts mineralized, soft parts not mineralized. Paleontology related sciences: paleoecology: ancient ecosystems, paleobiogeography: space distribution of fossils, biostratigraphy: fossil distribution in space & time, evolutionary paleontology: ancestor-descendant relationships between fossils species & groupings of species. 1: frequent fossilization process in the case of organisms that present the hard body parts with internal porous structure (eg. vertebrates, trees, etc. ) Moldic fossilization: presentation as mold & cast, the original shell or carapace is dissolved by subterranean solutions. Replacement: new minerals are precipitated in the space originally occupied by the shell, or test, or carapace. Carbonization: the most frequent fossilization in the case of plants & intervertebrate fossils. Impressions: organism outline & in certain cases internal structures are preserved.
