KNES 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Iron-Deficiency Anemia, Pernicious Anemia, Mast Cell
27 Feb 2017
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Blood Makeup
● ~45% RBC’s (erythrocytes)
● <1% white blood cells (leukocytes)
● <1% platelets
● ~55% plasma
Plasma
● 55% of blood
● 90-92% water
● Contains electrolytes and glucose
● Contains clotting factors
● ~7% plasma proteins
○ Maintain water pressure, volume, carry fats through the blood
Red Blood Cells
● Live ~120 days
● 30 trillion in your body
● Replace about 1% every day
● Require iron, vitamin B12, erythropoietin (from your kidneys)
Anemia: low oxygen carrying capacity
● Iron deficiency anemia is when there’s low iron causing low Hb
● Pernicious anemia is when there’s low vitamin B12 causing a low RBC count (they don’t
divide properly so there are fewer and they are larger)
White Blood Cells
● Lymphocytes and monocytes are called agranulocytes
○ Others are more dotted and called granulocytes
● Neutrophils/phagocytes are 60-70% of WBC’s
● Monocytes/macrophages are 2-8% of WBC’s
○ Hang around in the lymph nodes and remove any pathogens
● Eosinophils are responsible for the allergy response and are 1-4% of WBC’s
● Basophils make histamine and turn on mast cells, make up <1% of WBC’s
● Lymphocytes are 20-30% of WBC’s and include T&B cells
Blood Clotting
● Called hemostasis
● Vascular Spasm
○ Vasoconstriction
● Platelets are activated whenever they touch a charged surface (ex: smooth muscle) and
release messengers which create a platelet plug
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