NURS 497 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Syphilis, Tricuspid Valve, Natriuresis
18 Mar 2018
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Chapter 25 congestive heart failure pediatrics pages 665-666. Point of maximal impulse: the site of the fifth intercostal space pulsations, arising at the apex of the heart. It is located on the chest wall at the fifth ics where the thrust or pulsation of the left ventricle. Heart is composed of three layers; a thin inner lining (endocardium), a layer of muscle (myocardium), and the fibrous outer layer (epicardium) A small amount of pericardial fluid lubricates the space between the pericardial layers (pericardial space) and prevents friction between the surfaces as the heart beats. Tricuspid valve is from right atrium to right ventricle. Mitral valve from left atrium to left ventricle. Hr is regulated by the autonomic nervous systems. The factors affecting stroke volume are preload, contractility and afterload. Increasing preload, contractility and afterload increases the workload of the myocardium resulting in increased oxygen demand.
