ANTH 1150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Determinism, Language Change, Emic And Etic

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A form of communication that is a systematic set of arbitrary symbols passed on from generation to generation. Dialect: the way of speaking in a particular place. People who speak different languages have very different thoughts. Socio-linguistics (study of language as a cultural resource) Productivity: the ability to communicate different messages efficiently. Arbitrariness: usually no connection between abstract sound symbols used in speech have no relation to the meaning they hold. Displacement: allows people to talk about different domains (past, present, future) Phones: sounds produced because of variations in locations in the tongue, different languages have different phones. Phonemes: (emic) units of sound that make a difference for meaning e. g. p and v Morphemes: free morpheme (sleep) bound morpheme (ing) free + bound= sleeping (a phoneme, asphalt string of phonemes) Syntax: refers to the rules that are used for combining sounds into a sequence that carries meaning, grammer, structure of language.

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