BIOC 2580 Lecture Notes - Thin-Layer Chromatography, Column Chromatography, Deprotonation
14 Apr 2013
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Small molecules sugars, amino acids, nucleotides, carboxylic acid derivatives. Protein size is expressed in kilodaltons (kda: 1 dalton (da) = 1 g/mol (mass of h atom, 1 kda = 1000 g/mol. Myoglobin is 16. 5 kda small protein. P-glycoprotein is 170 kda large protein. Proteins are made of amino acids linear chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds (type of amide bond) Each protein has: unique sequence of different amino acids, a well-defined size and structure. Proteins have diverse functions including: catalyzing reactions (enzymes) forming complex subcellular structures. Each amino acid has an amino group and a carboxylate group. Each amino acid has a different side chain r. 20 different amino acids are found in proteins. Condensation involves removal of h2o from the units being linked. Hydrolysis regenerates the original carboxylic acid and amino group. The c=o group of the amide is the point of weakness allowing h2o attack.
