BIOL 4150 Lecture Notes - Dn2

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ochreherring44

24 Feb 2012

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Lotka volterra competition model: start with the logistic equation. In populations that have overlapping generations, the logistic curve is described by the logistic equation: the lotka-volterra equations, which describe competition between organisms, are based on the logistic curve. Suppose 10 individuals of species 2 have the same inhibitory effect on an individual of species 1 as does a single individual of species 1. [converts species 2" individuals into an equivalent number of species 1" individuals: example 2. Thus there are two sources of slowing for the growth of species 1: Two species of crayfish are found in closed vernal ponds in the ug arboretum. Species 1 is competitively superior to species 2 (competition coefficient of 1 on 2 = 1. 3; of 2 on 1 = 0. 1), and has a much higher carrying capacity (1000 vs 300 individuals). Their rates of increase are similar (0. 5 vs 0. 6 respectively). If the population sizes in one of these ponds is.

Related Questions

QUESTION 1

These include simultaneous consideration of tolerance ranges for all conditions, resource requirements (of all biotic and abiotic resources), and habitat preferences.

Fundamental ecological niches

Hutchinsonian ecological niches

. Realized ecological niches

Competition coefficients

Competitive exclusion

Coexistence

Isoclines

Stable equilibria

Unstable equilibria

QUESTION 2

Interspecific competition has this outcome when the effects of intraspecific competition outweigh the effects of interspecific competition.

Fundamental ecological niches

Hutchinsonian ecological niches

Realized ecological niches

Competition coefficients

Competitive exclusion

Coexistence

Isoclines

Stable equilibria

Unstable equilibria

QUESTION 3

The range of places that species could occupy based on suitability; a hypothetical location and ecological/trophic role in the absence of ecological interactions such as competition.

Fundamental ecological niches

Hutchinsonian ecological niches

Realized ecological niches

Competition coefficients

Competitive exclusion

Coexistence

Isoclines

Stable equilibria

Unstable equilibria

QUESTION 4

Graphs of the Lotka-Volterra interspecific competition model illustrate coexistence of two species with one of these features.

Fundamental ecological niches

Hutchinsonian ecological niches

. Realized ecological niches

Competition coefficients

Competitive exclusion

Coexistence

. Isoclines

. Stable equilibria

Unstable equilibria

QUESTION 5

When a particular species always outcompetes a second species in the Lotka-Volterra model of interspecific competition, these features will never intersect.

Fundamental ecological niches

Hutchinsonian ecological niche

Realized ecological niches

Competition coefficients

Competitive exclusion

Coexistence

Isoclines

Stable equilibria

Unstable equilibria

QUESTION 6

When prey/foods increase in abundance, the predator population increases through reproduction and/or immigration.

Amensilism

Commensilism

Functional response

Mutualism

Numerical response

Parasite

Parasitoid

True predator

This is not an answer- don't choose it!

QUESTION 7

Endomycorrhizae, ectomycorrhizae, gut âmicrofloraâ and lichens are examples of this type of ecological interaction.

Amensilism

Commensilism

Functional response

Mutualism

Numerical response

Parasite

Parasitoid

True predator

QUESTION 8

Prey switching, prey mechanisms to avoid predation (via increased group size), and formation of search images generate variations of this phenomenon.

Amensilism

Commensilism

Functional response

Mutualism

Numerical response

Parasite

Parasitoid

True predator

QUESTION 9

Generally do not kill their prey, and consume only one (or perhaps a few) individual prey during a particular developmental phase or lifetime.

Amensilism

Commensilism

. Functional response

Mutualism

Numerical response

Parasite

Parasitoid

True predator

QUESTION 10

Extremely asymmetric competition and âaccidentsâ can result in this ecological interaction.

Amensilism

. Commensilism

Functional response

Mutualism

Numerical response

Parasite

Parasitoid

True predator

Fish represent a _________ life history type, whereas most organisms die very quickly and produced quickly in large quantities.

Select one:

a. Equilibrial

b. Opportunistic

c. Benificial

d. Aytpical

Question text

What type of survivorship curve is typically represented by humans?

Select one:

a. Type III

b. Type II

c. Type I

d. Type 0

Question text

If 2 members of one species are competing directly for nutrients, mates, etc, this is labeled as:

Select one:

a. Intraspecific competition

b. Interspecific competition

c. Specific competition

Question text

Which of the following is NOT a common density-dependant factor of population ecology?

Select one:

a. Waste buildup

b. habitat destruction

c. limited food

d. limited territory

Question text

A species in danger of extinction throughout all or most of itâs home range is called:

Select one:

a. Endangered

b. Threatened

c. Repressed

d. Depressed

Community Ecology

6. Competition between species is called ____________ competition. A. interspecific
B. exploitative
C. interference

D. fundamental E. intraspecific

7. A species that plays a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community and helps to determine the types and numbers of various other species in the community is known as
A. a predator.

B. a keystone species. C. the primary species. D. the dominant species. E. the alpha species.

Evolution

1. We build trees because:
A. Organisms are related like members of a family are related.
B. Each lineage has a common ancestor that gave rise to that lineage. C. Characteristics are passed on from parents to offspring.
D. all of the above

2. Evolution basically denotes change in populations to: A. Improve reproductive success.
B. Remove defective individuals.
C. Increase the survival of the most fit individuals.

D. Discover better genes.

3. We can put species into groups based on shared: A. genes.
B. characteristics.
C. ecology.

D. environment.

4. Bats and birds share a common characteristic like having four limbs- homologies- with: A. Amphibians
B. Rodents.
C. Reptiles.

D. all of the above.

5. Which of these are mechanisms of evolution? A. Mutation
B. Migration
C. Gene flow

D. all of the above

6. Natural selection involves the following: A. Variation in traits
B. Differential reproduction
C. Hereditary

D. all of the above

BIOL 4150 Lecture Notes - Dn2

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