BUS 2090 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Life Insurance, Positive Affectivity, Reinforcement

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Personality: the relatively stable set of psychological characteristics that influences the way an individual interacts with his or her environment. Dispositional approach: individuals possess stable traits or characteristics that influence their attitudes or behaviours. Situational approach: characteristics of the organizational setting influence people"s attitudes and behaviours. Interactionist approach: individuals" attitudes and behaviours are a function of both dispositions and the situation. Personality has the most impact in weak situations because there are loosely defined roles, few rules, and weak reward and punishment contingences. Trait activation theory: traits lead to certain behaviours only when the situation makes the need for the trait salient. In other words, personality characteristics influence people"s behaviour when the situation calls for a particular personality characteristic. Thus, there is no one best personality and employers need to value diversity. Extraversion: extent to which a person is outgoing vs. shy. Important for jobs that require a lot of interpersonal interaction.

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