CHEM 2700 Lecture Notes - Leucine, Elastin, Threonine

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Biochemistry: aims to explain biological form and function in chemical terms. Mineral world chemically simple, plant and animal worlds chemically complex, composed of compounds rich in the elements carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which make up more than 99% of the mass of most cells. Biochemical universality: observed universality of chemical intermediates and transformations. Biomolecules: compounds of carbon with a variety of functional groups. Carbon: chemistry of living organisms is organized around carbon, which accounts for more than half the dry weight of cells. Geometry of carbon bonding: carbon atoms have a characteristic tetrahedral arrangement of their four single bonds with bond angles of 109. 5 degrees. C-c single bonds have free rotation, while double bonds are shorter and do not allow free rotation. Versatility of carbon bonding: carbon can form single bonds with hydrogen atoms, and both single and double bonds with oxygen and nitrogen atoms.

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