ENVS 2270 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Seed Predation, Acer Saccharum, Electric Power Transmission

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How do lodgepole pines defend themselves against pine beetles: they use a toxic resin-like substance to push them out. Give an example of a phenological synchronization issue that might be caused by climate change. Where might we see positive impacts of climate change on food production: any area that is far away from the equator - 30-60 degrees, warming might mean that we can grow more food. **impacts on natural ecosystems fast food for polar bears video: Disease transmission: warmer weather means that mosquitos are living in more places, therefore more areas may be affected by disease like malaria, zika. Civil conflict as a result as any of these stresses. We will revisit this in the next section on impacts on canada, but lets look at the cryosphere as an example . Permafrost melting (arctic is melting faster than the rest of the globe) Permanently frozen ground for two or more years. 20% of earth"s land is affected by permafrost.

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