HIST 2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Henry Dunant, Henry Bessemer, Crimean War
11 Feb 2013
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Document Summary
The illusions of limited war in the 19th century. I post-napoleonic restraints on war: european congress system. After napoleon"s defeat, allies held congress of vienna to determine peace settlement. Napoleon"s escape in 1815 made powers more determined to meet whenever peace was threatened. System of congresses, concert of europe , had only limited value as check on war: fear of revolutions. Monarchs & upper classes feared war could provoke revolution. Despite efforts to suppress liberal & national movements, political upheaval not easily checked. Unrest of proletariat did not provoke war in first half of 19th century: liberalism. Liberals saw war as opposed to the social & economic policies they advocated. Liberalism, opposed to reactionary regimes, was also check on war. Ii confirmation of traditional military systems: retreat from conscription. After 1815 most european states discarded national conscript armies & returned to regular standing armies. British army commanded by upper classes, soldiers enlist voluntarily: social structure identical to.
