MBG 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: 5,6,7,8, Chromosome Segregation, Interphase
Document Summary
***mitosis and meiosis sometimes go wrong therefore many diseases in society are a result in an extra chromosome*** Chromosome number: humans have 2 copies of chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and xx or xy: diploid: 2n = 46 chromosomes, 22 pairs of autosomes, 1 pair of sex chromosomes. Dna from breaking: chromosomes are dynamic pieces of chromatin that can alternate between tight and loose compaction, highly compacted = during cell division, loosely compacted = during interphase. Interphase (growth and dna synthesis: different phases of the cell during duplication, mitosis (chromosome segregation and cell division) Chromosomes are: loosely compacted during interphase (g1, s and g2 phases, high compacted during mitosis and meiosis. Dna: genes within heterochromatin are transcriptionally inactive (silenced, several heterochromatic regions within chromosomes contain no genes. In addition to genes, chromosomes contain specific dna sequences that have specific functions.