MBG 2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Mutagen, Globin, Thymine

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular Biology and Genetics
• Course: MBG 2040
• Professor: Baozhong Meng

Document Summary

Chapter 13- lecture notes - mutation and repair of dna. Mutation: is the ultimate source of genetic variability required for evolution. Mutation: is a change in the genetic material of an organism. It is the process by which the change occurs. Mutant: an organism that exhibits a novel phenotype. Types of mutations: 1) changes in chromosome number and structure 2) point mutations - changes at specific sites in a gene (substitution, insertion or deletion) Mutation is the ultimate source of all genetic variation that is observed in the biosphere. Recombination mechanisms rearrange genetic information into new combinations. Natural selection preserves the combinations that are best adapted to the existing environment (survival of the fittest) Mutations alter the nucleotide sequences of genes in several ways including: 1) the substitution of a single base pair to another 2) the deletion or insertion of one or a few base pairs (collectively called indel mutation)