MBG 2040 Lecture 3: MBG 2040 Ch. 12

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Chapter 12 translation and the genetic code. Outline: protein structure, genes encode polypeptides, components of polypeptide synthesis, process of polypeptide synthesis, genetic code, codon-trna interactions. Polypeptide bonds: carboxyl group = cooh, amino group = nh2, aas joined by peptide bonds, carboxyl group of one aa covalently attached to amino group of another aa by removal of h2o (hydrolysis, polypeptide chain goes from. Protein folding: most polypeptides fold spontaneously into specific conformations- dictated by 1 structure. If denatured (unfolded), most proteins will reform to original conformation when denaturing agent is removed. Primary structure dictates shape: most cases- all of info required for shape determination resides in 1 structure of protein. Molecular interactions determine tertiary structure of polypeptide: spatial organization of adjacent aas and segments of polypeptide determine 2 structure, overall folding of complete polypeptide = 3 conformation, maintained by large # of relatively weak non-covalent bonds.

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