MCB 4010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Tumor Suppressor Gene, Cancer Stem Cell, Mammary Tumor

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular and Cellular Biology
• Course: MCB 4010
• Professor: Mosser

Document Summary

Lecture 21 multi-step tumorigenesis and the hallmarks of cancer. Individual cancers arise from the accumulation of several mutations. Incidence of cancer increases at the 5th power of age suggesting that five independent mutation events are required. Decades are required to accumulated the number of mutations necessary to cause malignancy. Delayed onset of cancer: 10-20 years between exposure to carcinogen and tumor appearance. Cancer develops from sequential mutations in a single cell and its progeny: philadelphia chromosome identical breakpoint and rejoining site in each patient but differs slightly from patient to patient. More than one mutation is required for transformation/tumorigenesis. At least 2 oncogenes are required for transformation. Not all pai(cid:396)s of o(cid:374)(cid:272)oge(cid:374)es t(cid:396)a(cid:374)sfo(cid:396)(cid:373) (cid:272)o(cid:373)pli(cid:373)e(cid:374)ti(cid:374)g o(cid:374)(cid:272)oge(cid:374)es. More than one growth control circuit must be disrupted. Transgenic mice expressing either myc or mutant ras under control of mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) promoter. Breeding myc x ras mice produced offspring that develop cancer at an accelerated rate.