NUTR 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Omega-6 Fatty Acid, Canola, Peanut Butter

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greyporcupine721

14 Apr 2013

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Lipids are a large group of molecules that are not soluble in water and all are non- polar molecules. Triglycerides what it means when we say fat body fat as triglycerides. Length affects how it is digested and processed in the body; its function in the body, and its properties before/when you eat it; ex. Lauric acid fat in chocolate that makes it feel nice in your mouth, medium length. Saturated fats (sfa) have no double bonds, while unsaturated fats have 1 or more double bonds (which removes one of the hydrogen molecules). Affects whether food is a solid or liquid at room temperature (butter is very saturated); how they are processed in. Polyunsaturated (pufa) = 2 or more double bonds the body (poly, do not stack because of the bonds, so molecules can shift around; liquid at room temp); health. Saturated fats: all animal foods, ice cream, butter, tropical oils (coconut oil).

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1. Lipid molecules (fats) are used as energy storage in many animals. These molecules have many non-polar covalent bonds (C â C and C â H bondsâ¦ making these molecules hydrophobic).

What feature of these bonds makes lipids a good source of energy for cells? (2 points)

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2. Calories are a unit of energy. A gram of fat has 9 calories, so we get a lot of energy from fatty foods. Delicious! A gram of protein only has 4 calories. A gram of sugar also only has 4 calories. When breaking apart the bonds of these different biomolecules, why do we get fewer calories from proteins and carbohydrates than from fats (Hint, look at your answer for #1; 2 points)

5. Fats A. Chemical digestion of lipids occurs primarily in the small intestine. Before enzymes can break down fats like triglycerides (the most common type of fat in our foods), they must undergo emulsification. Describe the process of emulsification. Name the substance which performs this job. Name the organ that synthesizes this substance. Name the organ which stores and concentrates this substance. How does this substance get into the duodenum of the small intestine? B. After fats are emulsified, they are chemically digested. What is the general name for enzymes which digest fats? Name all of the organs which synthesize and secrete this enzyme into the digestive tract. C. Cholesterol is a type of fat. Why is it important to have some cholesterol in our diets? Why is it important not to have too much cholesterol in our diets?

6. Waste Production A. The large intestine AKA colon is the digestive organ which produces feces. Starting with the cecum and ending with the anus, name ALL parts of the large intestine in order. B. How does the large intestine convert liquid waste from the small intestine into solid waste to be eliminated from the body? C. Name 5 components of fecal matter. NOTE that the small intestine absorbs ALL of the digestible carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in our diets; thus, these nutrients must NOT be in your list.

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NUTR 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Omega-6 Fatty Acid, Canola, Peanut Butter

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