NUTR 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Starch, Health Canada, B Vitamins
13 Nov 2017
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What is alcohol: a toxin - our body has to detoxify it, alcohol can be burned for energy, but it is not a macronutrient, 7kcals per gram of alcohol. Alcohol is found in : wine, beer, vodka, scotch, rum, tequila, whisky, etc. Fermentation: yeast/bacteria break down sugar into alcohol. How do you make wine: grapes are crushed, the pulp is fermented with yeast (1-2 weeks) Secondary fermentation/aging - wine is stored in casks (often oak) to slowly ferment and mature (3-6 months: white wine, red or white grape skins are removed. Fortified wines: higher sugar concentrate as juice is concentrated, more sugar + fermentation = more alcohol. How do we digest/metabolize alcohol: alcohol is absorbed in the small intestine and in the stomach, no digestion is required before absorption, your body metabolizes alcohol in several ways. Metabolizing alcohol: alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in the liver, 80% of alcohol consumed is metabolized this way, meos (microsomal ethanol oxidizing system)
