PATH 3610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Renal Medulla, Renal Pelvis, Vtec
14 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
URINARY SYSTEM
- anuria = little peeing, polyuria = too much peeing
- ureter: takes urine from kidney to bladder, long and narrower in male than
female
- bladder: stores urine
- urethra: urine from bladder to environment
- urinary system made up of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra
Kidney
- divided into 2 components – cortex (outer), medulla (inner)
o medulla: preserve water (ex. animals in desserts have large medulla),
composed of collecting ducts that empty into renal pelvis
- nephron: complex of tubules that interact with blood vessels, functional unit
o approx. 1 million at birth
o made of glomerulus, tubules and collecting ducts
- Glomerulus: blood filtered in it, knot of capillaries tightly woven with
epithelium
- all the blood that flows to kidney goes into the cortex first
- all arterial blood goes into glomerulus → then around tubules
- capillary of glomerulus → there 3 and it’s a knot of capillaries
- end-artery system – so very prone to develop infarcts
- * know difference between endothelium and epithelium for final
o endothelium lines inner surface of blood vessels and epithelium lines
outer
- urine flows in pulses down the ureter into the bladder where it stored for a
short time
- to regulate production of ultra filtrate, regulate intraglomerular BP → control
contraction and relaxation of afferent and efferent arterioles of glomerulus
o regulated by juxta glomerular apparatus → cluster of sensory cells in
renal tubules, produces renin (AI → AII conversion through ACE)
o AII stimulates production of aldosterone → increases total body water
by increasing sodium and potassium reabsorption in kidney
o Fluid, electrolyses, waste products (urea and creatine) are added or
removed and urine eliminated with these substances
Major functions of kidney
- waste elimination: nitrogenous waste (urea, creatine), bilirubin, drug and
chemical excretion
- electrolyte regulation: sodium
- blood pressure and volume regulation → by renin-angiotensin and
aldosterone systems
- red cell production: erythropoietin produced in kidney by interstitial cells
- calcium regulation
Hamburger disease
- infection with E.coli 0157
o verotoxigenic E coli (VTEC)
- disease due to feco-oral transmission
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Anuria = little peeing, polyuria = too much peeing. Ureter: takes urine from kidney to bladder, long and narrower in male than. Urinary system made up of kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Divided into 2 components cortex (outer), medulla (inner) composed of collecting ducts that empty into renal pelvis: medulla: preserve water (ex. animals in desserts have large medulla), Nephron: complex of tubules that interact with blood vessels, functional unit: approx. 1 million at birth: made of glomerulus, tubules and collecting ducts. Glomerulus: blood filtered in it, knot of capillaries tightly woven with epithelium. All the blood that flows to kidney goes into the cortex first. All arterial blood goes into glomerulus then around tubules capillary of glomerulus there 3 and it"s a knot of capillaries. End-artery system so very prone to develop infarcts. * know difference between endothelium and epithelium for final: endothelium lines inner surface of blood vessels and epithelium lines outer.
