PHIL 2250 Lecture 1: philosophy lecture 1-5.pdf

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Philosophy of language: the nature of meaning (semantics, language use (communication, the relationship between language and the mind (language cognition, the relationship between language and reality (truth and reference) The basic unit is the argument: premises, conclusion. Because of how arguments work, there are two basic forms of rational assessment: assess the truth of the premises, assess the force of the argument. And not if q is not actually a consequence of p. ] Note: we can legitimately assess the truth of premises but (roughly) cannot directly assess the truth of the conclusion. Or we can seek to nd an internal inconsistency in the arguer"s position. Note that this is part of a process arguments often form sequences. There are two basic forms of reasoning: deductive [property: validity] Deduction: if the premises are true then the conclusion must be true. Induction: if the premises are true then the conclusion is to some degree probable.

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