PSYC 2360 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Type I And Type Ii Errors, Level Of Measurement, Central Tendency

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Two basic techniques for sampling individuals from a population: population: the defined group of individuals from which a sample is drawn, sample: the group of people who participate in the study. Probability sampling each member of the population has a specifiable probability of being chosen. Non-probability sampling the probability of selecting any particular member is unknown. Stratified random sampling: the population is divided into subgroups (for strata) and random sampling techniques are then used to select sample members from each stratum. Added bonus that the strata will accurately reflect the numerical compositions of various subgroups (e. g. , number of males in department) Cluster sampling: the researcher identifies clusters of identical and then samples from these clusters. After the clusters are chose, all individuals in each cluster are included in the sample: e. g. , on courselink. The population is defined but the less effort is expanded to ensure that the sample accurately reflects the popuinterest: why use it then, cheap, convenient.

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