PSYC 2410 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Salami, Metencephalon, Putamen

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Nervous system: communicating network consisting of nerve cells, (inside & outside of the brain & spinal cord) Central nervous system (cns): brain (in skull), spinal cord (in spine) Peripheral nervous system (pns): located outside of skull and spine, serves to bring information into the cns and carry signals out of the cns. Somatic nervous system: afferent nerves (sensory), efferent nerves (motor) Autonomic nervous system: sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves (both efferent motor) Sympatheic and parasympathetic nerves generally have opposite effcts. Two-stage neural paths, neuron exiting the cns synapses on a second- stage neuron before the target organ. Sympathetic: thoracic and lumbar, fight or flight , second stage neurons are far from the target organ. Parasympathetic: cranial and sacral, rest and restore , second stage neurons are near the target organ. Three basic principles: 1) sympathetic cells mobilize energy resources; parasym conserve energy, 2) each autonomic target receives signals from both systems 3) sympathetic activation indicated arousal while parasympathic activation indicated relaxation.

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