ZOO 3000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hagfish, Alkaline Phosphatase, Bone Remodeling

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The perichondrium acts like a girdle to resist outward expansion when the cartilage is compressed. Additionally, the perichondrium contains the blood vessels from which nutrients diffuse through the matrix to reach the cartilage cells internally. This mode of nutrient delivery limits cartilage thickness: there are three types of cartilage tissue in the body: hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. The skeletal cartilages include examples from all three. The perichondrium is made of dense irregular connective tissue. It resembles the capsule that surrounds glands and many organs. The proteoglycan aggregates in return are bound to collagen fibres. Shearing forces are unaligned forces pushing one part of a body in one direction, and another part of the body in the opposite direction. When the forces are aligned into each other, they are called compression forces. In cyclostomes (hagfish and lampreys), cartilaginous fish and chondrosteans, cartilage is the major skeletal material in adults.

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