ANAT 7390 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Postganglionic Nerve Fibers, Monoamine Oxidase, Gastrointestinal Physiology

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TOPIC VI: NERVOUS SYSTEM IV MOTOR “OUTPUT”
A) Efferent (Motor) Nervous System
1) Autonomic Nervous System:
- CNS smooth + cardiac muscle, glands
- 2 neurons to effector (preganglionic + postganglionic)
- any neuron can be distinguished by the type of nt released:
a) cholinergic = ACh
b) adrenergic = norepinephrine (NE)
- 2 divisions:
a) Sympathetic Nervous System
- function = prepares body for activity
- fight or flight response
- activated during exercise
- NOTE: to stop chemical stimulation, need to remove nt
i) ACh broken down by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) on
postsynaptic membrane (cell body/dendrites of
postganglionic neuron, or effector cell)
ii) NE broken down by MAO (monoamine oxidase) in synaptic
end bulb of neuron that released it
b) Parasympathetic Nervous System
- function: - rest + digest
- “housekeeping”
- most organs innervated by ANS have both SNS + PSNS - usually have
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opposite actions
- ANS regulates internal processes continuously and automatically
e.g. 1: heart rate SNS excites, PSNS inhibits
e.g. 2: GI tract motility SNS inhibits, PSNS excites
- Effects of ANS (Table 14.5)
Organ(s) SNS PSNS
1. Pupils of Eyes dilate constrict
(iris muscles)
2. Heart heart rate (HR) HR
& force of contraction
3. Gastrointestinal motility motility
Tract
4. Blood Vessels vasoconstriction *no innervation of blood
(smooth muscle) vessels (except penis +
clitoris)
5. Sweat Glands secretion * no innervation
(cold sweat)
6. Digestive Glands secretion secretion (all of them)
(except saliva)
7. Genitals ejaculation ( ) erection, lubrication (,)
- Higher Control of ANS:
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Document Summary

Topic vi: nervous system iv motor (cid:862)output(cid:863: efferent (motor) nervous system, autonomic nervous system: Cns smooth + cardiac muscle, glands. 2 neurons to effector (preganglionic + postganglionic) Any neuron can be distinguished by the type of nt released: cholinergic = ach, adrenergic = norepinephrine (ne) Most organs innervated by ans have both sns + psns - usually have. Ans regulates internal processes continuously and automatically e. g. 1: heart rate sns excites, psns inhibits. Ans regulates internal processes continuously and automatically e. g. 1: heart rate sns excites, psns inhibits e. g. 2: gi tract motility sns inhibits, psns excites. Organ(s: pupils of eyes (iris muscles, heart, gastrointestinal, blood vessels (smooth muscle) *no innervation of blood vessels (except penis + clitoris) Secretion (all of them) erection, lubrication ( , ) Note: hypothal. does not need cerebral input for its ans functions, but emotions can cause autonomic effects e. g. blushing, fainting, cold sweat, hr etc: somatic nervous system:

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