BIOL 1020 Lecture 12: October 1st.docx

• School: University of Manitoba
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOL 1020
• Professor: J.Stacey

Document Summary

Metabolic pathways: example: substrate, substrate can be acted upon by and enzyme (enzyme 1) This produces an intermediate (intermediate 1: this produces another enzyme (enzyme 2) Catalysts and enzymes: catalyst, chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumes by the reaction, enzyme, a catalytic protein, names usually end in ase , e. g. hydrolysis of sucrose by the enzyme sucrase. Cells and thermodynamics: cells create ordered structures from less ordered materials, cells unavoidably convert organized forms of energy to heat. Thermodynamics and metabolism: entropy disorder, universe tends towards entropy, processes that create disorder can occur spontaneously, those that create order do not, thus anabolic reactions make order, do not occur spontaneously, catabolic reactions makes disorder, occur spontaneously. Biological complexity and thermodynamics: the evolution of complex organisms does not violate the principle of entropy, entropy (disorder) may decrease in an organism, but the universes total entropy increases. Change in free energy and work: gravitational motion, diffusion, chemical reaction.