CHEM 1300 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Bond Energy, Organic Chemistry, Formal Charge
26 Jun 2018
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Lecture 8 – Periodicity Trends
Non-metals (right side, chalcogens, halogens, noble gases)
●Generalities:
oPoor conductor of heat and electricity
oBrittle as a solid
oCommonly in liquid or gaseous form
oNoble Gases
▪Inert, non-reactive
oAnions
▪Can be atomic
▪p block
▪halogens (-1 charge)
▪chalcogens (-2 charge)
oextracted from rocks
osome common covalent oxyanions:
▪CO32- (Carbonate)
▪NO3-(Nitrate)
▪SiO32-(Silicate)
▪PO43-(Phosphate)
▪SO42-(Sulfate)
▪ClO3-(Chlorate)
Metals left side
●Generalities:
oGood conductors of heat and electricity
oMalleable and ductile material
oCations:
▪S and d block
▪Lose s block first then d then f
▪Highest QN first so may lose s block first, cations generally lose s first if no p
block
▪Alkali metals will have a +1 charge
▪Alkaline earth metals have a +2 charge
oGeological sourcing from rocks
Metalloids
●Generalities:
oSemi-conductors
oBetween metals and non-metals
Chapter 6 – Fundamentals of Chemical Bonding
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