HNSC 2130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Constipation, Endocrine System, Fetus
22 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
Outcome of successful fertilization of oocyte(s), plantation and growth of fetus. Normal length of pregnancy is 38-42 weeks: 1st trimester (0-3 months, 2nd trimester (4-6 months, 3rd trimester (7 month-birth, physiologic changes during pregnancy. Cardiovascular system: increased blood volume (up to 50%, increased maternal heart rate (up to 20 beats/min, increased cardiac output (up to 50%) Endocrine system: increased levels of several hormones with placental origin. Skin: pigmentation, melasma (mask of pregnancy, pregnant women need optimal nutrition. Lactation: generation of milk and nursing infants, benefits of breastfeeding. Other benefits: need additional nutrients and energy to: Synthesis and secret high quality milk: mother"s diet affects so(cid:373)e of the (cid:373)ilk co(cid:373)po(cid:374)e(cid:374)ts. Infancy: from birth to 2 years, at early stage, many systems are not completely developed, high risk for food allergy particularly in 1st year of life, high growth rate, prone to develop nutritional deficiencies, nutritional consideration.
