PSYC 1200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Eleanor Rosch, Problem Solving, Railways Act 1921

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Problem: no explanation as to why there is graded membership. Even if concepts meet the same rules some fit. Faster to categorize sparrow as a bird than penguin. Grouping based on comparison with mental representation of the average category member. Basic level category: in the middle of the hierarchy: not too general or specific. Rosch, mervis, gray, johnsen, and boyes braem (1976) People are the best at using concepts in the basic level category. Problems occur when there is an obstacle between the present state and the goal state. Problems are challenging since the solution is not immediately obvious. Compare and evaluate both sides of an argument. Guarantees a solution if applied correctly (multiplication rules) Basic guidelines/strategies that are often helpful (if the door knob doesn"t turn, jiggle it to the left since it has worked in the past) Drawing conclusions from a series of statements (or premises) Conclusion drawn from premises must be true if the premises are true.

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