PSYC 2490 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: World Health Organization, Canadian Alliance, Clinical Psychology

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DIAGNOSIS OF MENTAL DISORDERS
Your readings for this section are
Chapter 3 (Dozois textbook) p 49-52
Why do we need a classification system for mental disorders
The perfect diagnostic system
Characteristics of strong diagnostic systems
The history of classification of mental disorders
Casebook #4: PTSD
We are being very selective in our textbook readings for this Unit. The textbook sections
on DSM-5 do not contain essential information, and are replaced by the material in these
Course Material online discussions (lectures) on diagnosis. In the following discussions
in Unit 1 we will use the history of PTSD to illustrate many diagnostic issues. Thus the
PTSD case is also assigned.
It may surprise you to learn that there are two commonly used diagnostic systems for
mental disorders:
1. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).
This system is primarily used in North America and is published by the American
Psychiatric Association. It is called DSM for short. In 1952 the American Psychiatric
Association published the first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-I). Your textbook
and case study book, as do most North American textbooks, mainly refer to this system.
Your textbook primarily refers to DSM-5, the fifth edition of DSM published in 2013.
While there has been much professional and public controversy around some changes
made in DSM-5, for the most part these changes are actually relatively minor. In later
discussions, I will highlight some interesting changes in the historical evolution of the
DSM system as one moves through the various editions, with the most radical changes
taking place with DSM-III, published in 1980. The word “statistical” refers to the use of
this manual to statistically catalogue disorders for scientific and public health purposes.
2. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10)
Europe and the rest of world largely use another system which is supported by
the World Health Organization, which actually has a longer history than DSM dating
back to about 1900. This is called the International Statistical Classification of Diseases
-10th Revision. Fortunately we refer to it simply as ICD-10. Whereas DSM-5 is not
publicly published online, ICD-10 is. This provides us an opportunity to look at ICD-10
directly:
Go to this site at http://www.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/ (optional)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
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