ANTH 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Determinism, Middle Ages, Consumerism
Reproduction and Development
How are Modes of Reproduction related to Modes of Subsistence?
Covered information in lecture 15
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How does culture shape fertility in different contexts?
Covered information in lecture 15
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How does culture shape personality over the lifecycle?
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Personality and the Life Cycle
Personality
An individual's patterned and characteristics way of behaving, thinking,
and feeling
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Formed through enculturation
The learning of culture through both informal and formal processes
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Different stages of life
Names
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Birth, Infancy, Childhood
Birth context - the cultural context of birth affects an infant's psychological
development
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Bonding - parent-infant bonding at birth or later
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Gender Infancy - sex vs. gender
Enculturate offspring into a particular gender
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Is gender innate?
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Why not?
Why the trouble to enculturation
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Would be the same throughout history and across all cultures
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Socialization During Childhood
Children's activities and tasks shape their personalities
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Goal of childbearing
To produce an adult with the norms, values, and skills that fit into that
society
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Core values
Vary cross culturally (e.g., N.A. values independence)
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Develop self awareness and social identity
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Six Cultures Study
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Nurturant - _
Caring and Sharing acts□
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Dependent - _
More acts that assert dominance□
Extreme - Narcissistic□
Supported by consumerism□
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Adolescence and Identity
Puberty
Occurs universally and involves biological markers□
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Adolescence
Culturally defined period of maturation from puberty to adulthood
(parenthood, marriage, economically self-sufficient)
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Biological Determinist view□
Cultural Constructionist view□
Cultural materialist view□
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Coming of Age and Gender Identity
Period marking the boundaries of adolescence
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Important psychologically
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Some ceremonies have a sacrificial element with symbolic death and rebirth
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Most are gender specific
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May involve marking the body in some way
Scarification, tattooing, genital surgery□
Circumcision □
Female genital cutting□
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Culture and Fertility - Sexual Intercourse
Although biology may define the time span within which a female is fertile
Menarche□
Menopause□
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It is culture that determine when it is acceptable to begin having intercourse
Guidelines vary by gender, class, race, and ethnicity□
Many cultures deem marriage as the acceptable time, especially for
females
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Frequency of intercourse and fertility
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Adulthood
Becoming a parent: matrescence (becoming a mother) and patrescence
(becoming a father)
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Middle Age
Menopause
Significant in many, but not all, cultures
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Can bring added freedoms
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Senior Years
Development of contemporary human society□
Our ancestors rarely lived beyond reproductive years□
Some culture - elders are revered, others - elders are considered
burdens
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Death and Dying
US is most resilient to death□
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Video: Social Identity, Personality & Gender
To sum up our discussion
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Mar. 9th
Starts at 8:25;
17:00-55:40 discussion;
55:50-1:13:40 class
1:13:45-1:25:37 video
Week 9, Lecture 16
Thursday, March 9, 2017
Document Summary
An individual"s patterned and characteristics way of behaving, thinking, and feeling. The learning of culture through both informal and formal processes. Birth context - the cultural context of birth affects an infant"s psychological development. Bonding - parent-infant bonding at birth or later. Would be the same throughout history and across all cultures. To produce an adult with the norms, values, and skills that fit into that society society. Culturally defined period of maturation from puberty to adulthood (parenthood, marriage, economically self-sufficient) Some ceremonies have a sacrificial element with symbolic death and rebirth. May involve marking the body in some way. Although biology may define the time span within which a female is fertile. It is culture that determine when it is acceptable to begin having intercourse. Guidelines vary by gender, class, race, and ethnicity. Many cultures deem marriage as the acceptable time, especially for. Many cultures deem marriage as the acceptable time, especially for females.
