BMSC 230 Lecture Notes - Starch, Cell Nucleus, Triglyceride

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Small molecules converted to large, complex molecules. Large molecules converted to smaller, simpler molecules. Every reactions has a reactant and a product: a to f. Product becomes the reactant: b to c to d to e. Final product branches out to produce two or more different reactions: each of these reactions is catalyzed by different enzymes. The first reaction of every metabolic pathway is regulated and irreversible. Need different enzymes to catalyze the first reaction: a to b is irreversible, b to c to d to e to f are reversible. The branching point"s first reaction is irreversible and regulated. Following reactions are reversible: breakdown of macromolecules to small molecules. Types of reactions: produce energy, anabolic: requires energy, convert nutrients to small molecules (building blocks, anabolic: require energy, small molecules to macromolecules, catabolic: produce energy, synthesis and breakdown of specialized molecules, hormones, vitamins, etc. Survive with the help of plants and vice versa.

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