GEOG 130 Lecture 14: Migration
Humans have always moved from one location to another to populate
all major land masses of the world except Antarctica
Movements
Expanded the resource base available
§
Stimulated cultural change by requiring ongoing adaptations
to new environmental circumstances
§
o
-
Why migrate?
Push-pull logic: people move from one location to another b/c
they consider the new location to be favourable
o
Can be sorted into four categories:
Economic (e.g., work)
1)
Political (e.g., war)
2)
Cultural (e.g., religious freedom)
3)
Environmental (e.g., climate, natural disasters)
4)
o
Laws of migration: logic behind push-pull concept is place
inequality
o
The mobility transition: Migration depends on development
5 proposed phases of temporal changes in migration
the pre-modern traditional society (little or no
migration)
i.
the early transitional society (modernization and
Massive movement from the country side to cities,
rapid natural increase)
ii.
the late transitional society (rural-urban, increased
urban to urban migration, non-economic migration)
iii.
the advanced society (country side –cities, urban-
suburban migration)
iv.
a future, super-advanced society (inter-urban or intra-
urban migration)
v.
§
o
Behavioural explanation:
Shifts attention to the people themselves & away from the
forces assumed to be affection their decisions
§
Related concepts:
Place utility (how desirable a place is based on its social,
economic and environmental factors)
•
Spatial preferences
•
§
o
Mooring:
Perhaps the greatest limitation – particularly in push-pull
logic, the laws of migration & the mobility transition theory –
is to base ideas on relatively (…didn’t finish slide)
§
The mooring approach centres on the idea that individuals’
perception of their current location & hence the likelihood of
their either remaining there or migrating to another location
depends on their various moorings
§
o
4 classes of migration (according to Petersen, 1959)
primitive: associated w/ pre-industrial peoples &
caused by some ecological necessity
i.
forced: in which people have little or no alternative but
to move
ii.
free: in which people decide to move or stay on the
basis of place utility as they seek to improve their lives
iii.
mass: a specific form of free migration that involves a
great many people making a specific migration decision
at about the same time
iv.
*illegal should also be considered
o
Refugees
It is generally agreed that refugees are people forced to
migrate, usually for political reasons (not always sometimes
b/c of natural disasters) (escape was, persecution)
The most reliable source of information on refugee
numbers is the UNHCR (united nations high
commissioner for refugees)
•
classes of migrants, as identified by the UNHCR
Refugees□
Asylum seekers: people who have left their home
country & applied for refugee status in some
other country
□
Returnees as refugees: people in the process of
returning home (the desired goal for most
refugees)
□
Internally displaced people (IDPS): people who
flee their homes but remain within their home
country
□
•
§
o
-
Videos:
Squatter settlement/shanty town: residential settlement
developed w/o legal claims to land or permission from city
authorities to build
o
The “cities of the future”
Squatter cities as an outgrowth of migration. The
consequences of rural to urban migration on the developing
world
§
o
Ted talk/squatter video
What is the relationship between migration and global
squatter settlements?
Rural-urban migration
•
Intercity migration
•
Low income
•
Lack of employment
•
Inadequate housing
•
§
o
Youtube/Lebanon squatters
What health-related challenges are faced by the Syrian
refugees in Lebanon?
Shelter (usually unfinished)
•
Overcrowding
Lack of proper hygiene □
Respiratory infection□
Infectious disease □
•
Limited access to food
•
§
o
Tuesday, October 25, 2016
Migration
Document Summary
Humans have always moved from one location to another to populate all major land masses of the world except antarctica o. Stimulated cultural change by requiring ongoing adaptations to new environmental circumstances. Push-pull logic: people move from one location to another b/c they consider the new location to be favourable. Laws of migration: logic behind push-pull concept is place inequality. 5 proposed phases of temporal changes in migration the pre-modern traditional society (little or no migration) the early transitional society (modernization and. Shifts attention to the people themselves & away from the forces assumed to be affection their decisions. Place utility (how desirable a place is based on its social, economic and environmental factors) Perhaps the greatest limitation particularly in push-pull logic, the laws of migration & the mobility transition theory is to base ideas on relatively ( didn"t finish slide)
