PHIL 140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Testability, Dogma, Inductive Reasoning
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Critical thinking- the systematic evaluation or formation of beliefs or statements by rational standards. Rational standards- assess beliefs based on rational standards. Cognitive biases (thinking mistakes)- influenced by framing issues. Objections to critical thinking: excessively critical, cynical, the (cid:862)(cid:272)(cid:396)iti(cid:272)al(cid:863) i(cid:374) (cid:862)(cid:272)(cid:396)iti(cid:272)al thi(cid:374)ki(cid:374)g(cid:863) does (cid:374)ot (cid:373)ea(cid:374) (cid:862)(cid:271)e a (cid:272)(cid:396)iti(cid:272)(cid:863) o(cid:396) (cid:862)offe(cid:396) (cid:272)(cid:396)iti(cid:272)is(cid:373)(cid:863) it means careful judgement and evaluation, emotionally cold, critical thinking compliments emotions. It helps us become aware of what we (cid:396)eall(cid:455) feel, a(cid:374)d helps us to e(cid:374)su(cid:396)e e(cid:373)otio(cid:374)s that do(cid:374)(cid:859)t disto(cid:396)t ou(cid:396) judge(cid:373)e(cid:374)ts: prevents creativity, critical thinking compliments creativity. By analyzing our beliefs, we think outside of the box of ideas we are fed. Premise: a statement which is either true or false (x2, a statement given as a reason in support of another statement be known facts or assumed to be true for the sake of the argument.