PSY 120 Lecture Notes - Prenatal Hormones And Sexual Orientation, Exosphere, Cognitive Development
Document Summary
Vygotsky emphasized socio-cultural influences on cognitive development in children: mental representations of the world developed through culture and language, private speech: how children talk to themselves to direct their own behaviour. Over time, private speech becomes internalized an silent. Cognitive abilities develop in continuous, overlapping waves rather than discrete stages. Children understand far more than piaget gave them credit for and some adults understand far less. Preschoolers are not as egocentric as piaget thought. Cognitive development is spurred by the growing speed and efficiency of information processing. Cognitive development is greatly affected by a child"s culture. Children"s ability to understand right from wrong [reasoning about moral dilemmas] evolves with cognitive abilities [kohlberg] Methods used to enforce moral standards: power assertion [demandingness]: parent uses punishment and authority to correct child"s misbehaviour. Induction [responsiveness]: parent appeals to child"s own resources, abilities, sense of responsibility, and feelings for others in correcting child"s misbehaviour.
